In the garden now (2 November 2026)
Buffalo planting calendar
Bars show when each crop can go in and when a planting from that window is ready. The blue band is the frost season, from the average first autumn frost to the average last spring frost. Hover or tap a crop for details.
Sow indoorsSow or plant outdoorsHarvestFrost seasonToday
Swipe sideways to see the whole year →
Dates by crop
| Crop | Sow indoors | Sow / plant outdoors | Harvest |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Apr 1 – May 6 | May 27 – Jul 26 plant out | Jul 30 – Oct 13 |
| Pepper | Mar 29 – May 3 | Jun 7 – Jul 22 plant out | Aug 10 – Oct 13 |
| Eggplant (aubergine) | Apr 4 – May 9 | Jun 13 – Jul 18 plant out | Aug 18 – Oct 13 |
| Cucumber | May 4 – May 31 | Jun 1 – Aug 6 sow | Jul 22 – Oct 13 |
| Zucchini (courgette) | Apr 29 – May 26 | May 27 – Aug 10 sow | Jul 15 – Oct 13 |
| Pumpkin and winter squash | Apr 29 – May 26 | May 27 – Jul 7 sow | Aug 23 – Oct 25 |
| Watermelon | May 16 – Jun 12 | Jun 13 – Jul 14 sow | Aug 22 – Oct 13 |
| Sweet corn | – | May 17 – Jul 21 sow | Aug 3 – Oct 13 |
| Green beans | – | May 27 – Aug 6 sow | Jul 19 – Oct 13 |
| Peas | – | Apr 15 – May 22, Jul 25 – Aug 26 sow | Jun 26 – Aug 8, Sep 11 – Nov 2 |
| Lettuce | Mar 6 – Apr 3 | Apr 10 – Sep 7 sow | Jun 14 – Nov 5 |
| Spinach | – | Apr 5 – Jun 13, Jul 20 – Sep 12 sow | Jun 9 – Aug 13, Aug 22 – Nov 25 |
| Kale | Feb 27 – Apr 3 | Apr 10 – Sep 1 sow | Jun 21 – Dec 10 |
| Cabbage | Mar 2 – Apr 6 | Apr 20 – Aug 21 plant out | Jul 4 – Nov 16 |
| Broccoli | Mar 2 – Apr 6 | Apr 20 – Aug 27 plant out | Jun 27 – Nov 9 |
| Carrots | – | Apr 20 – Aug 25 sow | Jun 30 – Dec 10 |
| Beets (beetroot) | – | Apr 20 – Sep 1 sow | Jun 23 – Nov 16 |
| Radishes | – | Apr 10 – Sep 26 sow | May 26 – Nov 9 |
| Onions | Feb 4 – Mar 11 | Apr 15 – Jul 29 plant out | Jul 21 – Oct 26 |
| Garlic | – | Oct 5 – Nov 8 sow | Jun 17 – Jul 7 |
| Potatoes | – | Apr 24 – Aug 2 sow | Jul 20 – Oct 26 |
| Swiss chard | – | Apr 24 – Sep 5 sow | Jun 20 – Nov 16 |
| Basil | Apr 26 – May 24 | Jun 7 – Aug 26 plant out | Jul 6 – Oct 13 |
| Cilantro (coriander) | – | Apr 20 – Sep 15 sow | Jun 8 – Nov 9 |
| Parsley | Feb 27 – Apr 3 | Apr 24 – Aug 21 sow | Jul 5 – Nov 25 |
Dates are for a typical year and the middle of the window is the safest. Sow a little at a time across a window rather than all at once. Cold snaps, heat waves, frost pockets and city warmth all shift the real dates; watch the forecast.
Frost dates in Buffalo
- Average last spring frost
- April 24
- Late frost (1 year in 10)
- May 9
- Average first autumn frost
- October 26
- Early frost (1 year in 10)
- October 10
- Frost-free growing season
- 184 days
“Average” is the date with an even chance of a later (spring) or earlier (autumn) frost: a night at or below 0 °C (32 °F) at screen height. Tender crops go out a week or two after the spring date, which brings the risk down to about one year in ten.
Source: NOAA 1991–2020 normals, Buffalo (14 km from the city centre).
Climate at a glance
- Hardiness zone
- 6b from station records
- Average coldest winter night
- -19°C-3°F
- Warmest month
- July, highs 26°C79°F
- Coldest month
- January, lows -7°C20°F
- Crops with an outdoor window
- 25 of 25
The zone follows the USDA scheme: bands of the average lowest temperature of the year, 10 °F wide, split into a and b halves. Worked out from the coldest night of each year 1991–2020 at the NOAA station. It tells you which perennials survive winter, not when to sow.
Temperature and rain by month
Average highAverage lowRainFreezing point
| Month | High | Low | Mean | Rain |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1°C33°F | -7°C20°F | -3°C26°F | 75 mm3.0 in |
| February | 1°C34°F | -7°C20°F | -3°C27°F | 58 mm2.3 in |
| March | 5°C42°F | -3°C26°F | 1°C34°F | 62 mm2.4 in |
| April | 12°C53°F | 2°C36°F | 7°C44°F | 80 mm3.2 in |
| May | 19°C65°F | 8°C47°F | 13°C56°F | 84 mm3.3 in |
| June | 24°C74°F | 14°C57°F | 19°C66°F | 87 mm3.4 in |
| July | 26°C79°F | 17°C62°F | 22°C71°F | 85 mm3.4 in |
| August | 26°C78°F | 16°C62°F | 21°C70°F | 83 mm3.3 in |
| September | 22°C72°F | 13°C55°F | 18°C64°F | 80 mm3.1 in |
| October | 16°C60°F | 7°C45°F | 12°C53°F | 87 mm3.4 in |
| November | 9°C48°F | 2°C35°F | 5°C42°F | 84 mm3.3 in |
| December | 4°C38°F | -3°C26°F | 0°C32°F | 86 mm3.4 in |
Monthly averages 1991–2020 from TerraClimate (about 4 km grid).